The Saint-Soldier and Eternal Succession
He was born in 1666 and became Guru after the martyrdom of his father Guru Tegh Bahadur. He created the Khalsa (The Pure Ones) in 1699, changing the Sikhs into a saint-soldier order. He gave the Sikhs the name Singh (lion) or Kaur (princess).[cite: 10]
He fought many battles against Aurangzeb's armies. After losing his father, mother and four sons to Mughal tyranny, he wrote his famous Zafarnama. On 3 October 1708, he appointed Guru Granth Sahib as the Guru: "Let all bow before my successor, Guru Granth. The Word is the Guru now."[cite: 10]